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1.
Biomedical and Environmental Sciences ; (12): 395-399, 2021.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-878376

ABSTRACT

Climate change has been referred to as one of the greatest threats to human health, with reports citing likely increases in extreme meteorological events. In this study, we estimated the relationships between temperature and outpatients at a major hospital in Qingdao, China, during 2015-2017, and assessed the morbidity burden. The results showed that both low and high temperatures were associated with an increased risk of outpatient visits. High temperatures were responsible for more morbidity than low temperatures, with an attributed fraction (AF) of 16.86%. Most temperature-related burdens were attributed to moderate cold and hot temperatures, with AFs of 5.99% and 14.44%, respectively, with the young (0-17) and male showing greater susceptibility. The results suggest that governments should implement intervention measures to reduce the adverse effects of non-optimal temperatures on public health-especially in vulnerable groups.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Ambulatory Care/statistics & numerical data , Cardiovascular Diseases/therapy , China/epidemiology , Cold Temperature/adverse effects , Cost of Illness , Digestive System Diseases/therapy , Facilities and Services Utilization/statistics & numerical data , Hot Temperature/adverse effects , Poisson Distribution , Respiratory Tract Diseases/therapy , Risk Factors
2.
Ciênc. Saúde Colet. (Impr.) ; 25(3): 845-858, mar. 2020. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1089490

ABSTRACT

Resumo Este estudo investigou a utilização dos serviços de saúde segundo determinantes sociais, comportamentos em saúde e qualidade de vida entre diabéticos. A amostra foi composta por 416 diabéticos cadastrados na Estratégia Saúde da Família de um município do Nordeste do Brasil. A análise dos dados incluiu estatísticas descritivas, bivariadas e multivariada por meio da modelagem de Árvore de Decisão usando o algoritmo Chi-squared Automatic Interaction Detector (CHAID). Evidenciou-se expressiva utilização dos serviços públicos de saúde (80,7%). A utilização do serviço público de saúde com regularidade envolveu indivíduos com escolaridade baixa ou média (p < 0,001), empregados ou aposentados e/ou pensionistas (p = 0,019), com alto impacto do diabetes na qualidade de vida (p = 0,032), e que realizavam a quantidade recomendada de exames de glicemia em jejum ao ano (p < 0,001). A utilização dos serviços de saúde pôde ser explicada por diferenças relacionadas aos determinantes sociais, aos comportamentos em saúde e ao impacto do diabetes na qualidade de vida dos usuários.


Abstract The aim of this study was to investigate the use of health services according to social determinants, health behaviors and quality of life among diabetics (n = 416) attended by the Family Health Strategy in a northeastern city in Brazil. Data analysis included descriptive, bivariate and multivariate statistics. Decision Tree modeling was applied using the Chi-squared Automatic Interaction Detector (CHAID) algorithm. Results showed that public health services were used by 80.7% of the sample. The regular use of public health services involved individuals with low or medium schooling (p < 0.001), employed or retired and/or pensioners (p = 0.019), with a high impact of diabetes on quality of life (p = 0.032), and who performed the number of fasting blood glucose tests per year recommended by the Ministry of Health (p < 0.001). The use of health services could be explained by differences related to social determinants, health behaviors and the impact of diabetes on quality of life.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Young Adult , Quality of Life , Health Behavior , Patient Acceptance of Health Care , Diabetes Mellitus/therapy , Social Determinants of Health , Facilities and Services Utilization/statistics & numerical data , Brazil , Urban Health , Cross-Sectional Studies , Middle Aged
3.
Ciênc. Saúde Colet. (Impr.) ; 25(3): 817-825, mar. 2020. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1089491

ABSTRACT

Resumo O objetivo deste artigo é estimar a prevalência de acesso e uso dos serviços de Fonoaudiologia e identificar as variáveis associadas ao acesso. Estudo transversal de base populacional. A amostra foi composta de indivíduos adultos residentes em Porto Alegre/RS. Os dados foram coletados a partir de um instrumento construído com domínios de questionários de pesquisas nacionais, com um módulo sobre Fonoaudiologia. O desfecho estudado foi o acesso ao fonoaudiólogo. Regressão de Poisson com variância robusta foi utilizada para cálculo de Razões de Prevalência com intervalos de confiança de 95%. Aceitaram participar deste estudo 214 pessoas, das quais 67,3% (n = 144) eram do sexo feminino. A média de idade foi de 54,28 (±18,83) anos. Referiram necessidade de consulta fonoaudiológica 56 (26,2%) pessoas. Todos os 56 indivíduos conseguiram realizar atendimento fonoaudiológico, dos quais 69,4% (n = 39) em consultório particular e 19,6% (n = 11) em consultório conveniado ao plano de saúde. No modelo final, maior prevalência de acesso foi associada ao sexo feminino (RP = 1,09; IC95% 1,01-1,18) e possuir alguma deficiência (RP = 1,09; IC95% 1,03-1,17). O acesso ao fonoaudiólogo é mais frequente de forma privada. Observa-se que as mulheres e deficientes possuem maior prevalência de acesso ao fonoaudiólogo.


Abstract To estimate the prevalence of access and use of speech-language therapy services and identify the variables associated with access. Cross-sectional population-based study. The sample consisted of adult individuals living in Porto Alegre, southern Brazil. The data were collected using an instrument constructed with domains of national research questionnaires, with a module on speech-language therapy. The outcome was the access to a speech-language therapist. Poisson regression with robust variance was used to calculate Prevalence Ratios with 95% confidence intervals. A total of 214 people participated in the study, of which 67.3% (n = 144) were female. The mean age was 54.28 (SD±18.83) years. Fifty-six (26.2%) people mentioned the need for speech-language therapy consultation. All 56 subjects were able to perform speech-language therapy, of which 69.4% (n = 39) in private practice and 19.6% (n=11) used healthcare insurance plans at partnering providers. In the final model, the highest prevalence of access was associated with female (PR=1.09,95%CI1.01-1.18) and had some deficiency (PR = 1.09,95%CI1.03-1.17). Access to a speech-language therapist is more frequent in private services. It is observed that women and the disabled individuals have a higher prevalence of access to speech-language therapist.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Aged , Speech Therapy/statistics & numerical data , Facilities and Services Utilization/statistics & numerical data , Health Services Accessibility/statistics & numerical data , Language Therapy/statistics & numerical data , Brazil , Cross-Sectional Studies , Middle Aged
4.
Ciênc. Saúde Colet. (Impr.) ; 25(3): 827-835, mar. 2020. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1089497

ABSTRACT

Resumo O objetivo deste artigo é identificar as produções científicas sobre o acesso e utilização de serviços odontológicos por gestantes. Foi realizada uma revisão integrativa de literatura com busca nas bases de dados BVS e MEDLINE/PubMed. Na base BVS os descritores foram: "acesso aos serviços de saúde", "saúde bucal" e "gestantes", e na PubMed: "Health services accessibility", "oral health" e "pregnant women", associados entre si pelo operador booleano AND. Foram encontrados cinco estudos que preencheram os critérios de inclusão e exclusão, sendo sistematizados em duas categorias empiricas e co-relacionadas: número expressivo de gestantes que não realizam o pré-natal odontológico e importância de medidas educativas que sinalizem a necessidade de receberem acompanhamento odontológico durante as consultas de pré-natal. Existe a necessidade de mais estudos, para embasar políticas de saúde pública que contemplem esta temática. As pesquisas existentes demonstram baixa adesão ao pré-natal odontológico e que os principais fatores observados como complicadores do acesso e utilização dos serviços odontológicos foram os relacionados aos aspectos socioeconômicos, culturais e educacionais.


Abstract The objective of this article is to identify the scientific productions on the access and use of dental services by pregnant women. A search was carried out on the BVS and MEDLINE/PubMed online databases to produce this integrative literature review. In the BVS database, the Portuguese descriptors were: "acesso aos serviços de saúde", "saúde bucal" and "gestantes", and in PubMed: "Health services accessibility", "oral health" and "pregnant women", all associated with each other by the Boolean operator "AND". We identified five studies that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria and were systematized into two empirical and co-related categories: the significant number of pregnant women who do not perform prenatal dental care and the importance of educational measures that signal the need to receive dental care during prenatal visits. Further studies on the subject are required to support public health policies that consider this theme. Existing research shows low adherence to prenatal dental care and that the main factors hindering the access to and use of dental services were related to socioeconomic, cultural and educational aspects.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Prenatal Care/statistics & numerical data , Dental Health Services/statistics & numerical data , Facilities and Services Utilization/statistics & numerical data , Health Services Accessibility/statistics & numerical data
5.
Ciênc. Saúde Colet. (Impr.) ; 25(1): 365-374, jan. 2020. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1055776

ABSTRACT

Resumo O objetivo deste artigo é analisar os fatores associados ao uso dos serviços odontológicos públicos por adultos. Estudo transversal com amostra representativa de adultos de 35 a 44 anos, com dados do Levantamento Epidemiológico das Condições de Saúde Bucal da População do Estado de São Paulo (SBSP-2015). Utilizou-se análise de regressão logística multivariada, baseada em modelo proposto por Andersen para predizer o acesso aos serviços odontológicos públicos. Visitaram o serviço privado 3.421 (59,9%) adultos e 2.288 (40,1%), o público. Os serviços odontológicos públicos foram mais acessados por mulheres (41,8%) e menos escolarizados (50,2%). Indivíduos não brancos (OR = 1,32; IC95%:1,16; 1,50), menor renda familiar (OR = 2,37; IC95%:2,11; 2,65), histórico de dor de dente (OR = 1,60; IC95%:1,39; 1,83) e necessidade de tratamento endodôntico (OR = 1,44; IC95%:1,12; 1,85) foram associados ao uso dos serviços odontológicos públicos. Fatores contextuais, individuais e necessidade de tratamento foram associados à utilização dos serviços odontológicos públicos por adultos residentes no estado de São Paulo, em 2015.


Abstract The aim of this study was to investigate the factors associated with public dental care use by adults in the State of São Paulo, Brazil. A cross-sectional study was conducted with a representative sample of adults aged 35 to 44 years using data from the 2015 Epidemiological Survey of the Oral Health Status of the Population of the State of São Paulo (SBSP-2015). Multivariate logistic regression was performed using variables based on a model proposed by Andersen for predicting access to public dental services. Results: 3,421 (59.9%) adults visited private services and 2,288 (40.1%) visited public services. Prevalence of the use of public dental services was greatest among women (41.8%) and adults with a lower education level (50.2%). Being non-white (OR = 1.32, 95% CI: 1.16, 1.50), lower household income (OR = 2.37, 95% CI: 2.11, 2.65), having had toothache (OR = 1.60, 95% CI: 1.39, 1.83), and need for endodontic treatment (OR = 1.44, 95% CI: 1.12, 1.85) were associated with public dental service use. Predisposing, enabling, and need factors were associated with public dental care use.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Dental Health Services/statistics & numerical data , Facilities and Services Utilization/statistics & numerical data , Brazil , Cross-Sectional Studies , Middle Aged
6.
Rev. gaúch. enferm ; 41(spe): e20190138, 2020. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-1058524

ABSTRACT

Abstract Aim: To verify the relation of a nursing home care educational intervention in the use of health services by elderly people post-stroke. Methods: A randomized controlled trial conducted with 44 family caregivers of elderly people post-stroke. Data was collected between May/2016 and July/2018 in a hospital in the South of Brazil and at the participants' homes. The intervention group (IG=21) received home visits by nurses after hospital discharge. The control group (CG=23) had a conventional follow-up in a conventional health services. The Pearson's Chi-Square Test or the Fisher's Exact Test was performed for assessment of the outcome at 60 days and 1 year after discharge. Clinical Trial registration NCT02807012. Results: There was a significant difference regarding the use of hospital outpatient service (IG=100%, CG=78.3%, p<0.050) 60 days after discharge. Conclusion: The great use of outpatient service by the IG demonstrates the effectiveness of nursing educational intervention focused on health care network after discharge.


Resumen Objetivo: Verificar la relación de la intervención educativa domiciliaria de enfermería en la utilización de los servicios de salud por ancianos después de un Accidente Cerebro-Vascular (ACV). Métodos: Ensayo clínico controlado realizado con 44 cuidadores familiares de ancianos después de un ACV. Los datos se recolectaron entre mayo de 2016 y julio de 2018 en un hospital del sur de Brasil y en los domicilios de los participantes. El grupo de intervención (GI = 21) recibió visitas domiciliarias de enfermeros luego del alta hospitalaria. El grupo de control (GC = 23) mantuvo un seguimiento convencional en la red de servicios. El desenlace fue evaluado a los 60 días y 1 año después del alta. Se realizaron las pruebas Chi-cuadrado de Pearson o Exacta de Fisher para evaluar el desenlace a los 60 días y 1 año después del alta. Registro de ensayo clínico NCT02807012. Resultados: Se registró una diferencia significativa en la utilización del servicio ambulatorio hospitalario (GI = 100%, GC = 78,3%, p <0,050) 60 días después del alta. Conclusión: El mayor uso del servicio ambulatorio por parte del GI demuestra la efectividad de las intervenciones educativas de enfermería, enfocadas en la red de atención a la salud luego del alta hospitalaria.


Resumo Objetivo: Verificar a relação de intervenção educativa domiciliar de enfermagem na utilização dos serviços de saúde por idosos após Acidente Vascular Cerebral (AVC). Métodos: Ensaio clínico randomizado com 44 cuidadores familiares de idosos após AVC. Os dados foram coletados entre maio/2016 e julho/2018 em hospital no Sul do Brasil e domicílio dos participantes. O grupo intervenção (GI=21) recebeu visitas domiciliares por enfermeiros após a alta hospitalar. O grupo controle (GC=23) manteve acompanhamento convencional na rede de serviços. Realizaram-se Teste Qui-quadrado de Pearson ou Exato de Fisher para avaliação do desfecho em 60 dias e 1 ano após a alta. Registro no Clinical Trials NCT02807012. Resultados: Houve diferença significativa quanto à utilização do serviço ambulatorial hospitalar (GI=100%, GC=78,3%, p<0,050) em 60 dias após a alta. Conclusão: A maior utilização do serviço ambulatorial pelo GI demonstra efetividade das intervenções de enfermagem direcionadas à rede de atenção à saúde após a alta.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Stroke/therapy , Facilities and Services Utilization/statistics & numerical data , Home Care Services/statistics & numerical data , Brazil , Single-Blind Method , Middle Aged
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